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Non-communicable diseases continue to increase globally and have their origins early in life. Early life obesity tracks from childhood to adulthood, is associated with inflammation and metabolic dysfunction, and predicts non-communicable disease risk in later life. There is mounting evidence that these factors are more prevalent in infants who are formula fed compared to those who are breastfed. Human milk provides the infant with a complex formulation of lipids, many of which are not present in infant formula, or are present in markedly different concentrations. With this knowledge, the lipid composition of human milk is therefore central to understanding how breastfeeding protects against obesity, inflammation, and subsequent cardiovascular disease risk. Alexandra will present about the role of human milk lipidomics in our understanding of non-communicable disease risk.